SART
In marine communication and safety systems, SART (Search and Rescue Transponder) is a lifesaving emergency device used to help rescuers quickly locate a distressed vessel, liferaft, or survival craft. It is a mandatory safety equipment under international maritime regulations and plays a critical role during search and rescue (SAR) operations. Under the regulations of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), SART is mandatory equipment as per the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS).
SOLAS Requirement includes:
Cargo ships of 300 GT and above must carry at least one SART.
Passenger ships must carry at least two SARTs.
SART must be stored in an easily accessible location.
The device must be regularly inspected and tested.
Battery validity and expiry must comply with manufacturer and SOLAS standards.
What does SART stand for in marine communication?
SART stands for Search and Rescue Transponder.
Is SART mandatory on all vessels?
It is mandatory for SOLAS-class vessels as per IMO regulations, including passenger ships and cargo vessels above 300 GT.
What frequency does a radar SART operate on?
It operates on 9 GHz (X-band) marine radar frequency.
How long does a SART battery last?
Typically, a SART battery has a 5-year shelf life and must provide at least 96 hours in standby mode and 8 hours in active mode after activation.
Where should SART be stored onboard?
It should be stored in an easily accessible location near the bridge or inside survival crafts.
What is the difference between EPIRB and SART?
EPIRB sends distress alerts via satellite, while SART helps rescuers locate the exact position using radar or AIS.
Can SART be used in liferafts?
Yes, it is specifically designed to be used in liferafts and survival crafts during abandonment.
How is SART tested onboard?
SART has a built-in self-test function that should be conducted during routine safety inspections as per SOLAS maintenance requirements.
What appears on radar when SART is activated?
A series of 12 dots in a straight line or concentric arcs appear on the rescuer’s radar screen.
What is AIS-SART?
AIS-SART transmits distress signals via AIS and displays the survivor’s exact GPS coordinates on compatible navigation equipment.
Conclusion
SART is a critical marine communication and lifesaving device required under SOLAS and regulated by IMO. Whether radar-based or AIS-based, it significantly increases the chances of successful rescue operations by providing accurate location guidance to search teams.
For marine operators, ship owners, and maritime safety professionals, proper maintenance, regular inspection, and SOLAS compliance of SART equipment is essential for ensuring vessel safety and regulatory adherence.