LRIT
LRIT (Long Range Identification and Tracking) is a mandatory IMO system under SOLAS Regulation V/19-1 that enables flag States, port States, and search and rescue authorities to identify and track ships globally. It transmits a vessel’s identity, position, and time at least every 6 hours via satellite to authorized authorities.
Is LRIT mandatory under SOLAS?
Yes. LRIT is mandatory under SOLAS Chapter V, Regulation 19-1, adopted by the IMO for enhanced maritime safety and security.
Which vessels are required to carry LRIT?
Passenger ships (including high-speed craft)
Cargo ships of 300 GT and above on international voyages
Mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs)
What information does LRIT transmit?
LRIT transmits:
Ship identity
Ship position (latitude & longitude)
Date and time of the position report
How often does LRIT report vessel position?
At least once every 6 hours, as per IMO requirements. Authorities may request more frequent reporting if required.
Who can access LRIT data?
Only authorized entities, such as:
Flag States
Port States
Coastal States
Search and Rescue (SAR) authorities
Does LRIT require a separate onboard unit?
LRIT can operate via:
A dedicated LRIT terminal, or
An existing Inmarsat or satellite communication system approved for LRIT use.
How is LRIT different from AIS?
LRIT is satellite-based, long-range, and restricted to authorities
AIS is short-range, VHF-based, and publicly visible
Is LRIT required to be tested or certified?
Yes. LRIT equipment must be type-approved and undergo conformance testing, with compliance documented for flag State verification.
Can LRIT be switched off?
No. LRIT must remain continuously operational unless a specific security exemption is granted by the flag State.
What is the main purpose of LRIT?
LRIT enhances:
Maritime safety
Security monitoring
Search and rescue operations
Compliance with international regulations
Conclusion
LRIT is a vital SOLAS-mandated system that strengthens global maritime safety, security, and regulatory compliance. By enabling authorized authorities to identify and track vessels worldwide, LRIT supports effective monitoring, enhances search and rescue coordination, and ensures transparency in international shipping operations.
Maintaining a fully operational and compliant LRIT system is essential for vessels to meet IMO requirements, pass flag and port State inspections, and operate safely on international voyages.